Peter Railton is an American philosopher known for his work in ethics, philosophy of science, and the philosophy of mind. He is a professor at the University of Michigan, where he has contributed significantly to discussions on moral realism and the nature of ethical reasoning. Railton's research often explores the connections between moral theory and empirical findings in the social sciences. In addition to his academic work, Railton has been involved in various philosophical debates, particularly concerning the implications of naturalism for ethics. He has published numerous articles and essays that examine how scientific understanding can inform moral philosophy, making him a prominent figure in contemporary philosophical discourse.