The Persian Gulf War was a conflict that took place from 1990 to 1991, primarily involving Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the United States. The war began when Iraq, under the leadership of Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait in August 1990, claiming it as part of its territory. The invasion prompted international condemnation and the formation of a coalition to liberate Kuwait. In January 1991, the coalition launched Operation Desert Storm, a military campaign that included airstrikes and ground assaults. By February 1991, coalition forces successfully liberated Kuwait, and the war officially ended. The conflict had significant implications for regional politics and U.S. military presence in the Middle East.