Permic refers to a geological period within the Permian epoch, which lasted from approximately 299 to 252 million years ago. This period is characterized by significant geological and biological changes, including the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea and the diversification of marine life. During the Permic, the climate varied from arid to humid, supporting diverse ecosystems. The period ended with the largest mass extinction in Earth's history, known as the Permian-Triassic extinction event, which wiped out around 90% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrates, drastically reshaping life on the planet.