Permanent magnetism refers to the ability of certain materials, like iron, nickel, and cobalt, to maintain a persistent magnetic field without the need for an external power source. These materials have their atomic structure arranged in a way that allows their magnetic domains to align in the same direction, creating a stable magnetic field. Permanent magnets are commonly used in everyday items, such as refrigerator magnets, speakers, and electric motors. Unlike temporary magnets, which lose their magnetism when the external magnetic field is removed, permanent magnets retain their magnetism over time, making them essential in various applications.