Peritoneal inflammation refers to the irritation and swelling of the peritoneum, a thin membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the organs within it. This condition can result from various causes, including infections, injuries, or underlying diseases such as appendicitis or peritonitis. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, tenderness, and fever. Diagnosis typically involves physical examinations, imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans, and laboratory tests to identify any infections or abnormalities. Treatment often focuses on addressing the underlying cause, which may involve antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or, in severe cases, surgical intervention to remove infected tissue or fluid.