The Pentalogy of Cantrell is a rare congenital condition that affects multiple body systems. It is characterized by five main features: a defect in the abdominal wall, a hole in the diaphragm, a defect in the heart, a malformation of the sternum, and abnormalities in the pericardium. These defects can lead to serious health complications and require careful medical management. This condition occurs during early fetal development and is thought to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Due to its complexity, treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including surgery and ongoing care from specialists in pediatrics and cardiology.