Pencil components refer to the various parts that make up a pencil, which is a common writing instrument. The main components include the graphite core, which is the material that leaves a mark on paper, and the wood casing that surrounds it. Some pencils also have an eraser at one end, typically made of rubber or a similar material, allowing users to correct mistakes. Additionally, pencils can have different types of leads, which vary in hardness and darkness. The hardness scale ranges from H (hard) to B (black), with HB being a medium option. The choice of lead affects the pencil's performance and the quality of the writing or drawing.