Pb, or lead, is a heavy metal with the atomic number 82. It is dense and malleable, making it useful in various applications, including batteries, radiation shielding, and construction materials. Lead is typically extracted from ores like galena and has been used by humans for thousands of years. Despite its usefulness, Pb is toxic to humans and animals, causing health issues such as neurological damage and developmental problems. Due to these risks, many countries have implemented regulations to limit lead exposure, particularly in products like paint and plumbing.