Pavement materials are the substances used to create surfaces for roads, sidewalks, and other pathways. Common materials include asphalt, concrete, and gravel. Each material has unique properties that affect durability, cost, and maintenance. For example, asphalt is flexible and suitable for high-traffic areas, while concrete is strong and long-lasting. In addition to these primary materials, additives like bitumen and polymer can enhance performance. The choice of pavement material depends on factors such as climate, load-bearing requirements, and budget. Proper selection ensures safe and efficient transportation infrastructure.