Pavement design is the process of creating a durable surface for roads, parking lots, and other areas where vehicles travel. It involves selecting materials and determining the thickness of layers to support traffic loads while minimizing damage from weather and wear. Engineers consider factors like soil type, traffic volume, and climate to ensure the pavement lasts long and performs well. The design typically includes two main types: flexible pavement, which uses layers of asphalt, and rigid pavement, made from concrete. Each type has its advantages and is chosen based on specific project requirements, budget, and expected usage. Proper pavement design is essential for safety and maintenance efficiency.