Patient referrals occur when a primary care provider, such as a family doctor, directs a patient to a specialist for further evaluation or treatment. This process ensures that patients receive the appropriate care for specific health issues that require specialized knowledge or skills. Referrals can be made for various reasons, including complex medical conditions, surgical procedures, or specialized tests. The referring provider typically shares relevant medical history and test results with the specialist, facilitating a coordinated approach to the patient's care and improving health outcomes.