Pathogen detection refers to the methods used to identify harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that can cause diseases. This process is crucial in healthcare, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Techniques like PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) are commonly employed to detect these pathogens quickly and accurately. Effective pathogen detection helps prevent outbreaks and ensures public health safety. By identifying pathogens in clinical samples, food products, or water sources, authorities can take necessary actions to control infections and protect communities. Continuous advancements in technology improve the speed and reliability of these detection methods.