Pathfinding algorithms are methods used to find the shortest route between two points in a given space, often represented as a graph. These algorithms are essential in various applications, such as video games, robotics, and navigation systems, where efficient movement is crucial. Common examples include A*, Dijkstra's algorithm, and Breadth-First Search. These algorithms work by exploring possible paths and evaluating their costs, which can include distance, time, or other factors. By systematically analyzing options, pathfinding algorithms help determine the most efficient way to reach a destination while avoiding obstacles and minimizing travel time.