A passive component is an electronic device that does not require an external power source to operate. These components can store or dissipate energy but cannot amplify or control electrical signals. Common examples include resistors, capacitors, and inductors. They are essential in various electronic circuits for functions like filtering, timing, and energy storage. Unlike active components, which can introduce gain or power, passive components rely solely on the energy provided by the circuit. They play a crucial role in shaping electrical signals and ensuring the proper functioning of devices, from simple gadgets to complex systems like computers and communication equipment.