Parts of speech are the building blocks of sentences in the English language. They categorize words based on their function and role in a sentence. The main parts of speech include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Each part serves a specific purpose, helping to convey meaning and structure. Understanding parts of speech is essential for effective communication. For example, nouns name people, places, or things, while verbs express actions or states of being. Adjectives describe nouns, and adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Recognizing these categories enhances both writing and speaking skills.