The parietal peritoneum is a thin membrane that lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity. It serves as a protective layer, helping to support the organs within the abdomen and providing a smooth surface that reduces friction between them. This membrane is part of the larger peritoneum, which also includes the visceral peritoneum that covers the organs themselves. The parietal peritoneum is sensitive to pain, pressure, and temperature, making it important for detecting issues within the abdominal cavity. It is supplied by nerves from the lower thoracic and upper lumbar regions, allowing the body to respond to potential problems, such as inflammation or infection, in the abdominal area.