The Panama Papers refer to a massive leak of documents from the Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca in April 2016. These documents revealed how wealthy individuals and public officials used offshore tax havens to hide their assets and evade taxes. The leak included over 11 million documents, exposing the financial dealings of numerous high-profile figures worldwide. The investigation that followed involved journalists from the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and led to significant political fallout in various countries. It raised awareness about global tax avoidance and prompted calls for greater transparency in financial systems, highlighting the need for reforms in international tax laws.