Pama-Nyungan is a large family of languages spoken primarily in Australia and parts of New Guinea. It includes over 200 distinct languages, making it one of the most significant language families in the region. The languages are characterized by similar grammatical structures and vocabulary, which suggest a common ancestral language. The Pama-Nyungan languages are divided into several branches, with Pitjantjatjara, Yolŋu Matha, and Warlpiri being some of the most well-known. These languages are vital for the cultural identity of the Indigenous peoples of Australia, preserving their traditions, stories, and connection to the land.