The equation PV = nRT is known as the ideal gas law, which describes the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and the number of moles of gas (n). In this equation, R is the ideal gas constant, which varies depending on the units used. This law helps predict how gases behave under different conditions, making it essential in fields like chemistry and physics. In practical terms, the ideal gas law indicates that if you increase the temperature of a gas while keeping its volume constant, the pressure will increase. Conversely, if you decrease the volume while maintaining temperature, the pressure will also rise. Understanding this relationship is crucial for applications in various scientific and engineering disciplines.