PCI Express (PCIe) is a high-speed interface standard used to connect various hardware components in a computer, such as graphics cards, storage devices, and network cards. It allows for fast data transfer between the motherboard and these components, improving overall system performance. The PCIe standard uses a point-to-point architecture, meaning each device connects directly to the motherboard rather than sharing a single communication line. This design reduces bottlenecks and enhances data transfer rates, making it ideal for modern computing needs, including gaming and data-intensive applications.