P. brasiliensis, or Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, is a dimorphic fungus primarily found in South America. It is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other organs. The fungus exists in two forms: a yeast form in the body and a mold form in the environment. Transmission occurs through inhalation of spores, often affecting individuals in rural areas engaged in agriculture. Symptoms of infection can include cough, fever, and weight loss. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for effective management of the disease, which can be severe if left untreated.