Oxygen production primarily occurs through the process of photosynthesis, where plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. During this process, chlorophyll in plant cells captures sunlight, enabling the conversion of carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into energy-rich compounds, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. In addition to natural processes, oxygen can also be produced industrially through methods like electrolysis, where water is split into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity. This method is often used in various applications, including space exploration and medical oxygen supply, highlighting the importance of oxygen in both nature and technology.