The ovary is a vital reproductive organ in females, responsible for producing eggs, or ova. Each ovary contains thousands of immature eggs, which mature during the menstrual cycle. The ovaries also produce hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, that regulate various functions in the female body, including the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Located on either side of the uterus, the ovaries are almond-shaped and play a crucial role in fertility. During ovulation, an ovary releases a mature egg, which can be fertilized by sperm. If fertilization occurs, the ovary supports early pregnancy until the placenta forms.