Outbreak investigation is a systematic process used to identify the source and cause of a disease outbreak. Public health officials, such as epidemiologists, collect data on affected individuals, analyze patterns, and determine how the disease spreads. This helps in understanding the outbreak's scope and implementing control measures to prevent further infections. Once the source is identified, interventions can be put in place, such as vaccination, quarantine, or public health advisories. The investigation also involves communicating findings to the public and healthcare providers to ensure awareness and preparedness. Ultimately, the goal is to protect community health and prevent future outbreaks.