Ouida was the pen name of the English novelist Maria Louise Ramé, born in 1839. She gained popularity in the late 19th century for her romantic novels, which often featured strong female characters and themes of love and social issues. Her most famous works include Under Two Flags and A Dog of Flanders. Ouida's writing style was characterized by vivid descriptions and emotional depth, appealing to a wide audience. Despite her success, she faced criticism for her melodramatic plots and perceived lack of literary depth. She passed away in 1908, leaving behind a legacy of both admiration and controversy.