The Ottoman Empire was a powerful state that lasted from the late 13th century until the early 20th century. Founded by Osman I, it expanded across three continents, including parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The empire reached its peak in the 16th century under Suleiman the Magnificent, known for his military conquests and legal reforms. The Ottoman Empire was characterized by a diverse population and a complex administrative system. It played a significant role in trade and culture, influencing art, architecture, and cuisine. The empire began to decline in the 19th century, leading to its eventual dissolution after World War I, which resulted in the establishment of the Republic of Turkey.