An osteon, also known as a Haversian system, is the fundamental structural unit of compact bone. It consists of a central canal, called the Haversian canal, surrounded by concentric layers of bone matrix known as lamellae. This structure allows for the efficient transport of nutrients and waste products through tiny channels called canaliculi, which connect the osteocytes, or bone cells, embedded within the matrix. Osteons are crucial for maintaining bone strength and integrity. They are organized in a way that helps bones withstand various stresses and strains. The arrangement of osteons varies depending on the type of bone and its location in the body, contributing to the overall functionality of the skeletal system.