Optical systems are arrangements of optical components that manipulate light to achieve specific functions, such as focusing, magnifying, or dispersing light. Common components include lenses, mirrors, and prisms, which work together to form images or direct light in desired ways. These systems are essential in various applications, including cameras, microscopes, and telescopes. The design of optical systems often involves understanding the principles of geometric optics and wave optics. By applying these principles, engineers can create systems that enhance vision or capture images with high precision. Optical systems play a crucial role in fields like photography, medicine, and astronomy.