Optical components are devices that manipulate light to achieve specific functions. Common examples include lenses, mirrors, prisms, and filters. These components are essential in various applications, such as cameras, microscopes, and telescopes, where controlling light is crucial for image formation and clarity. The design and material of optical components significantly affect their performance. For instance, glass and plastic are frequently used materials, each offering different optical properties. Additionally, coatings can be applied to enhance light transmission or reduce reflections, making optical components vital in fields like photography, medicine, and telecommunications.