Operation Longcloth was a covert mission conducted by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during World War II. Launched in 1944, its primary goal was to gather intelligence and support local resistance movements in occupied territories, particularly in Burma. The operation involved a small group of OSS operatives who were trained in guerrilla warfare and dropped into the region. They worked alongside local forces to disrupt Japanese supply lines and gather crucial information, contributing to the overall Allied war effort in Southeast Asia.