Olefin metathesis is a chemical reaction that involves the exchange of alkene (olefin) groups between different molecules. This process allows for the formation of new alkenes by breaking and reforming carbon-carbon double bonds. It is widely used in organic synthesis and materials science to create complex molecules and polymers. The reaction is typically facilitated by catalysts, such as Grubbs catalysts, which enhance the efficiency and selectivity of the process. Olefin metathesis has applications in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and the production of advanced materials, making it a valuable tool in modern chemistry.