The Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) was established in 1941 during World War II to coordinate scientific research for military purposes. It aimed to enhance the United States' technological capabilities and support the war effort by developing new weapons and improving existing technologies. The OSRD played a crucial role in significant projects, including the development of the atomic bomb under the Manhattan Project. It brought together scientists from various fields, fostering collaboration between government, industry, and academia to address urgent wartime challenges.