The Office of War Mobilization (OWM) was established in the United States during World War II to coordinate the production and distribution of war materials. Created in 1943, it aimed to streamline efforts among various government agencies and private industries to ensure that the military had the necessary supplies and equipment. Led by James F. Byrnes, the OWM played a crucial role in managing resources, labor, and transportation to support the war effort. Its work helped maximize efficiency and effectiveness in mobilizing the nation's economy for wartime production, contributing significantly to the Allied victory.