Object Identifiers (OIDs) are unique strings used to identify objects in various systems, such as databases and network protocols. They ensure that each object can be distinctly recognized, preventing confusion and errors. OIDs are often represented in a hierarchical format, allowing for organized categorization and easy retrieval. In the context of computer networking, OIDs are crucial for managing resources and services. For example, in the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), OIDs help in monitoring and controlling network devices by providing a standardized way to access specific information about each device.