Oaxaca is a state located in southern Mexico, known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse indigenous communities. The capital city, also named Oaxaca, is famous for its colonial architecture, vibrant markets, and traditional crafts. The region is home to several archaeological sites, including Monte Albán, which showcases the history of the Zapotec civilization. The state is renowned for its culinary traditions, particularly its unique mole sauces and mezcal, a distilled alcoholic beverage made from agave. Oaxaca's stunning landscapes include mountains, valleys, and beaches along the Pacific Ocean, making it a popular destination for both tourists and researchers interested in its biodiversity and culture.