The "O'Neill Dynasty" refers to a prominent family in Irish history, particularly in the province of Ulster. The O'Neills were a powerful Gaelic clan, known for their leadership and influence during the medieval period. They played a significant role in resisting English rule and were involved in various conflicts, including the Nine Years' War in the late 16th century. The dynasty's most notable figure is Hugh O'Neill, the 2nd Earl of Tyrone, who led the resistance against English expansion. The O'Neill family legacy is marked by their struggle for autonomy and their efforts to maintain Gaelic culture and traditions in Ireland.