Nutrient removal refers to the process of eliminating excess nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from water bodies. These nutrients often come from sources like agricultural runoff, wastewater, and industrial discharges. When present in high concentrations, they can lead to problems like algal blooms, which deplete oxygen in the water and harm aquatic life. Methods for nutrient removal include biological processes, such as using microorganisms to break down nutrients, and chemical treatments that precipitate nutrients out of the water. Effective nutrient removal is essential for maintaining healthy ecosystems and ensuring clean water for human use and wildlife.