Nucleoside monophosphates (NMPs) are organic molecules that consist of a nucleoside linked to a single phosphate group. They play a crucial role in cellular processes, serving as building blocks for nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. NMPs are essential for energy transfer and signaling within cells. The most common nucleoside monophosphates include adenosine monophosphate (AMP), cytidine monophosphate (CMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), and uridine monophosphate (UMP). These compounds are involved in various biochemical pathways, including metabolism and gene expression, highlighting their importance in maintaining cellular function.