Nucleophilic reactions involve the interaction between a nucleophile and an electrophile. A nucleophile is a species that donates an electron pair, while an electrophile is an electron-deficient species that accepts the electron pair. These reactions are fundamental in organic chemistry, as they help form new chemical bonds and create various compounds. In a typical nucleophilic substitution reaction, the nucleophile attacks the electrophile, displacing a leaving group. This process can lead to the formation of different products, depending on the nature of the nucleophile and electrophile involved. Common examples include reactions involving alkyl halides and amines.