Nuclear reactor technology involves the use of nuclear reactions to generate heat, which is then converted into electricity. The core of a nuclear reactor contains fuel, typically made from enriched uranium or plutonium, which undergoes fission—a process where atomic nuclei split, releasing energy. This heat is used to produce steam that drives turbines connected to generators. Safety systems are crucial in nuclear reactors to prevent accidents and manage radioactive materials. Reactors are designed with multiple barriers to contain radiation and control the nuclear reaction. The technology is used in various applications, including power generation and research, and is regulated by organizations like the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).