A nuclear reactor consists of several key components that work together to produce energy. The core contains the nuclear fuel, typically made of uranium or plutonium, where the fission reaction occurs. Control rods, made of materials like boron or cadmium, are inserted or removed to regulate the reaction rate by absorbing neutrons. The reactor also includes a coolant, which circulates to remove heat generated during fission. This heat is used to produce steam, driving turbines to generate electricity. Other important components include the containment structure, which protects against radiation, and the reactor vessel, which houses the core and coolant.