Nuclear materials are substances that can undergo nuclear reactions, such as fission or fusion. These materials include isotopes like uranium and plutonium, which are commonly used in nuclear reactors and weapons. They can release large amounts of energy, making them significant for both energy production and military applications. The handling and storage of nuclear materials are strictly regulated due to their potential hazards. Safety measures are essential to prevent accidents and unauthorized access. Additionally, the management of nuclear waste, which is a byproduct of using these materials, poses environmental and health challenges that require careful planning and oversight.