Nuclear disasters occur when there is a significant release of radioactive materials into the environment, often due to accidents at nuclear power plants. These events can result from equipment failures, natural disasters, or human error, leading to contamination of air, water, and soil. Notable examples include the Chernobyl disaster in 1986 and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011. The consequences of nuclear disasters can be severe, affecting human health and the environment for decades. Exposure to radiation can lead to acute health issues and long-term effects, such as cancer. Cleanup and recovery efforts are complex and costly, often requiring extensive safety measures to protect both workers and the public.