The term "Novatianist" refers to followers of Novatian, a Christian theologian and antipope in the 3rd century. He is best known for his strict stance on the issue of lapsed Christians—those who had renounced their faith during persecution. Novatian believed that these individuals should not be readmitted to the church, advocating for a more rigorous approach to church discipline. Novatianism emerged as a distinct movement within early Christianity, emphasizing moral purity and the importance of maintaining a holy community. This perspective led to a schism with the mainstream church, which was more lenient towards repentant sinners. The Novatianists established their own congregations and continued to influence theological debates in the early church.