NotPetya is a destructive cyberattack that emerged in June 2017, primarily targeting organizations in Ukraine. It masqueraded as ransomware but was designed to cause damage rather than generate profit. The malware spread rapidly through networks, exploiting vulnerabilities in software, and led to significant disruptions in various sectors, including finance and energy. The attack affected numerous global companies, resulting in billions of dollars in losses. NotPetya's origins are believed to be linked to geopolitical tensions, with many attributing it to the Russian government. Its impact highlighted the vulnerabilities of critical infrastructure and the growing threat of cyber warfare.