Nootropics, often referred to as "smart drugs," are substances that may enhance cognitive functions such as memory, creativity, and focus. They can be natural or synthetic and are used by individuals seeking to improve their mental performance. Common examples include caffeine, ginkgo biloba, and modafinil. While some nootropics are available over-the-counter, others require a prescription. Research on their effectiveness varies, with some studies showing positive effects and others indicating minimal benefits. It's important to approach nootropics with caution, as their long-term effects and safety profiles are not fully understood.