Non-Market Valuation is a method used to estimate the economic value of goods and services that are not bought and sold in traditional markets. This includes environmental resources like clean air, water quality, and biodiversity. By assessing people's preferences and willingness to pay for these resources, economists can determine their value even without a market price. Common techniques for Non-Market Valuation include contingent valuation, where individuals state how much they would pay for a specific benefit, and hedonic pricing, which analyzes how property values are affected by environmental factors. These methods help inform policy decisions and resource management.