Nitroprusside is a medication primarily used to treat severe hypertension and heart failure. It works as a vasodilator, meaning it relaxes blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily and reducing the workload on the heart. Nitroprusside is typically administered intravenously in a hospital setting due to its potent effects and the need for close monitoring. This drug is a complex of sodium nitroprusside and is known for its rapid onset of action. It releases nitric oxide, which helps to dilate blood vessels. While effective, it can cause side effects such as hypotension and cyanide toxicity, especially with prolonged use.