Nitrides are chemical compounds that consist of nitrogen and another element, typically a metal. They are formed when nitrogen atoms bond with metals, creating materials that often exhibit high hardness, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity. Common examples of nitrides include aluminum nitride and silicon nitride, which are used in various industrial applications. These compounds are important in electronics, ceramics, and coatings due to their unique properties. For instance, gallium nitride is widely used in semiconductor technology, particularly in LEDs and high-frequency devices. Nitrides play a crucial role in advancing materials science and technology.