Nikolay Pirogov was a prominent Russian surgeon and anatomist born on November 25, 1810. He is best known for his pioneering work in surgical techniques and for being one of the first to use anesthesia in field surgery during the Crimean War. Pirogov's contributions to medicine include the development of innovative surgical methods and the introduction of plaster casts for treating fractures. In addition to his surgical achievements, Pirogov was a dedicated educator and wrote extensively on anatomy and surgery. He founded the first medical school in Ukraine and emphasized the importance of medical education. His legacy continues to influence modern medicine and surgical practices.